Ultrasonic Waves for Analyzing Residual Stresses in Additive Manufactured Metal Parts
This Additive Manufacturing (AM) process produces metal parts layer by layer using a high energy laser beam to fuse metal powder particles. When each layer is complete, the build platform moves downward by the thickness of one layer, and a new powder layer is spread on the previous layer. While this process is able to produce quality parts and components, residual stress is a major problem during the fabrication process. That's because large temperature changes near the last melt spot - rapid heating and cooling - and the repetition of this process result in localized expansion and contraction, factors that cause residual stress. Residual stress (RS) Residual stresses are self-equilibrating stresses which remain in the part after its manufacture even without supplementary thermal gradient and external forces. These stresses arise from misfits in the shape of parts of both different regions and different phases within a part, or even because of local variations in elastic cons...